The National Loaf from WWII: Rediscovering History

Step back in time and bring a piece of history into your kitchen with the National Loaf, a hearty and nutritious bread that became a staple in British households during World War II.

Originally devised to make the most of rationed ingredients, this loaf is not only a testament to ingenuity in times of scarcity but also a delicious addition to your modern-day menu.

Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply love baking wholesome bread, this recipe offers a flavorful journey back to the 1940s.

History

During World War II, Britain faced significant food shortages and strict rationing. To ensure that every household could access essential nutrients, the government introduced the National Loaf in 1942.

This bread was designed to maximize the use of wholemeal flour, providing more vitamins and fiber compared to white bread, which was prioritized for other uses.

The National Loaf became a symbol of resilience and resourcefulness, embodying the British spirit of making do with what was available. Its legacy continues today as a reminder of the past and as a nutritious choice for modern families.

Equipments

• Large mixing bowl
• Measuring cups and spoons
• Wooden spoon or dough whisk
• Loaf tin (8×4 inches)
• Clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap
• Oven
• Cooling rack

Ingredients

• 3 cups wholemeal flour
• 1 cup all-purpose flour
• 1 ½ teaspoons salt
• 2 teaspoons active dry yeast
• 1 ½ cups warm water
• 2 tablespoons vegetable oil or melted butter
• 1 tablespoon honey or sugar (optional, for a touch of sweetness)

Instructions

1. Activate the Yeast

In a small bowl, combine the warm water and honey (if using). Sprinkle the active dry yeast over the top and stir gently. Let it sit for about 10 minutes until it becomes frothy. This indicates that the yeast is active and ready to use.

2. Mix the Dry Ingredients

In a large mixing bowl, combine the wholemeal flour, all-purpose flour, and salt. Mix thoroughly to ensure the ingredients are evenly distributed.

3. Combine Wet and Dry Ingredients

Once the yeast mixture is frothy, pour it into the bowl with the dry ingredients. Add the vegetable oil or melted butter. Using a wooden spoon or dough whisk, mix until a sticky dough forms.

4. Knead the Dough

Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface. Knead it for about 10 minutes until it becomes smooth and elastic. If the dough is too sticky, you can add a little more flour, but be careful not to make it too dry.

5. First Rise

Place the kneaded dough back into the large mixing bowl, cover it with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap, and let it rise in a warm place for about 1 hour, or until it has doubled in size.

6. Shape the Loaf

After the dough has risen, punch it down to release the air. Shape it into a loaf by rolling it into a tight cylinder. Place the shaped dough into a greased loaf tin.

7. Second Rise

Cover the loaf tin with the kitchen towel or plastic wrap again and let the dough rise for another 30 minutes, or until it has risen slightly above the top of the tin.

8. Bake the Loaf

Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Once preheated, place the loaf tin in the oven and bake for 35-40 minutes, or until the bread sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom and has a golden-brown crust.

9. Cool the Bread

Remove the loaf from the oven and let it cool in the tin for about 10 minutes. Then, transfer it to a cooling rack to cool completely before slicing.

Special Notes

• Substitutions: You can substitute honey with maple syrup or agave nectar if you prefer a different sweetener.
• Storage: Store the National Loaf in an airtight container at room temperature for up to 5 days. For longer storage, slice and freeze the bread, then toast slices directly from the freezer.
• Add-Ins: Feel free to add seeds like sunflower, flax, or sesame for added texture and nutrition. Incorporate dried fruits such as raisins or currants for a touch of sweetness.
• Gluten-Free Option: Use a gluten-free all-purpose flour blend and ensure that all other ingredients are gluten-free to make a suitable alternative.

Nutrition

Per Slice (Approx. 120 kcal):

• Calories: 120
• Carbohydrates: 20g
• Protein: 4g
• Fat: 3g
• Fiber: 3g
• Sugar: 1g
• Sodium: 250mg

The National Loaf is a balanced source of complex carbohydrates and fiber, making it a nutritious choice for sustained energy throughout the day. The use of wholemeal flour increases the vitamin and mineral content, contributing to a healthier diet.